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Treatment of ADHD in Adults

Adults suffering from adhd are treated by medication, therapy and support from the family. Clinical trials are available to test the effectiveness of new treatments for ADHD.

Adults with ADHD are more likely to benefit from stimulant medications. They require monitoring regularly. That includes monthly clinical appointments, and frequent reviews of symptoms and side effects.

Medications

There are many drugs that can help reduce the symptoms of ADHD in adults. These medications are called psychostimulants. They function by altering the levels of certain neurotransmitters (chemicals) in your brain that transmit messages between nerve cell. Your doctor will select a medication that's right for you and determine the best dose and schedule to take it. It may take some time to find the right dosage and medication that control your symptoms.

The first medication doctors prescribe to adults with ADHD is stimulants. These medicines increase the amounts of norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain, which enhances your ability to concentrate and manage impulses. These medicines are available in short-, mediumand long-acting varieties. Short-acting stimulants last around 6 hours, intermediate-acting drugs last between 8 and 10 hours, and long-acting medications last for up to 16 hours. Long-acting stimulants are less likely cause side effects than shorter- or intermediate-acting medications. However, they may induce sleepiness and a change in appetite.

Non-stimulant medications like atomoxetine, (Strattera) are used to treat adults with ADHD in cases where stimulants don't work or cause unwanted adverse effects. These medications do not alter the levels of dopamine or norepinephrine however, they can increase your brain's availability of norepinephrine, which improves your ability to concentrate. These medications are in capsules and can be taken twice or once every day.

Some adults with ADHD have co-occurring disorders such as anxiety or depression. These are called comorbid conditions and can affect the way you respond to treatment for ADHD. It is essential to treat any comorbid disorders prior to beginning treatment for ADHD. People with a history addiction to drugs are more likely to use psychostimulants. It is best to wait until someone has quit using drugs before using stimulants.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is an interactive process of discussing and talking about issues that may be disturbing or troubling to a person. The therapist provides guidance on the basis of his or her training, experience, credentials, and therapeutic philosophy. Psychotherapy could be short-term (a few weeks or months) dealing with more immediate challenges, or long-term (months or years) where a person is working on more complex and long-standing issues. The therapist and patient determine the duration and frequency of therapy.

Psychotherapy and medication are an extremely effective way to treat adults with ADHD. Behavioral therapy can assist people improve their time management, organizational skills, and prioritizing. It can also teach strategies to manage emotions, such as anger and frustration. Medication can reduce symptoms, increase focus and lead to better academic and work performance.

Adults suffering from ADHD have a higher risk of having co-existing disorders. This is especially true for mood disorders like anxiety and depression. Before beginning treatment for ADHD it is crucial to treat any co-existing conditions. Treatment for co-existing disorders might require different forms and dosages of medication than those used to treat untreated adhd and anxiety.

A person suffering from ADHD may also suffer from hypertension. To select a medication to treat the ADHD symptoms without causing destabilization of the patient's hypertension it is essential to understand how different medications affect people in the course of time, as well as the interactions between the medications.

It is essential to find a therapist who can treat adhd in adults has had experience working with adults suffering from ADHD and with whom you feel comfortable. It is also crucial to schedule your first few sessions during times when you aren't distracted by family responsibilities or work obligations.

Counseling

Adults who suffer from ADHD typically face a variety of problems in their lives, such as relationships and work problems. They may also experience frustration, blame and anger that have accumulated in their lives because of their symptoms. Psychosocial treatments can aid patients and their families to develop new attitudes, skills, and ways of relating.

Cognitive behavioral therapy is a form of psychotherapy that assists people in changing their behavior and thinking. It involves setting goals, training and the practice of skills, and methods of teaching to improve organization and self-esteem. It can be carried out in individual or group sessions. Metacognitive therapy has proven to significantly reduce symptoms in adults suffering from ADHD and improve their functioning (Stevenson et al. 2002).

In addition to psychotherapy, some individuals with ADHD require counseling to deal with specific life difficulties. These could include family conflict, impulsive or aggressive behavior, or difficulties dealing with failures and disappointments. Counseling can help develop strategies to manage these situations, improve communication and increase problem-solving capabilities. It can also help improve interpersonal relationships, especially in marriages or other long-term partnerships.

Family therapy and supportive groups therapy are two other types of psychotherapy that could be used to treat ADHD. These can assist families to cope with the stress of having a child with ADHD, as well as help improve communication and reduce conflicts. It can aid parents understand the condition and develop parenting methods that encourage positive results in their children.

Adults suffering from ADHD should discuss their medications regularly with their doctor and inform them of any other medications, including over the counter drugs. Some medications can cause adverse effects or interact with other medications.

Medication Monitoring

After a thorough examination and diagnosis, it is important to monitor the patient's condition to ensure that the patient receives the benefits of the medication and does not experience any adverse side adverse effects. It is recommended that patients be seen for initial clinical monitoring within 30 days of beginning treatment and monthly thereafter. This permits the proper adjustment of psychostimulants like methylphenidate and amphetamines to a well-tolerated, effective dose. This allows for accurate registration of the patient's response and assists in avoiding keeping sensitive patients on doses that are not sufficient (slow metabolizers) or forcing those who require higher doses on unnecessarily high levels (rapid metabolizers).

Adults who do not respond well to stimulant medications or suffer from adverse effects that are unpalatable might benefit from non-stimulant drugs. Most often, this is the use of atomoxetine, or other methylphenidate alternatives.

Adults suffering from ADHD are frequently affected by comorbid conditions, like depression or substance abuse. In addition, they may experience persistent sleep disturbances or medical problems such as vision and hearing disorders. It is crucial to identify and evaluate such conditions in the initial evaluation for adhd treatment for adults medication because they can have a significant effects on functional impairment in adults.

ADHD can also be treated through marital therapy. Couples often say that they feel overburdened by the responsibilities of caring for their spouses with ADHD and can become resentful and angry as a result. Reduced resentment can be achieved by increasing the patient's understanding of his/her condition, and assisting them understand that the symptoms are not due to an absence of love or willfulness. Couples who undergo this kind of therapy tend to be more functional as a family.

Behavioral Therapy

For adults with ADHD, psychotherapy is generally recommended and should incorporate the cognitive-behavioral aspect. Behavioral therapy can help patients improve their organizational skills, focus, and control impulsive behaviors. It helps patients learn to manage their work, social, and home situations more efficiently. Psychotherapy also helps patients understand how their disorder affects different areas of their lives and relationships. This can help alleviate the feelings of shame and low self-esteem that are often experienced by those with ADHD who are viewed as lazy or less intelligent.

ADHD symptoms can be mirrored by many mental disorders. For example anxiety disorders are seen at a higher rate in adult ADHD patients and depression is seen at increased levels in those suffering from the disorder. The presence of any other psychiatric problems should be evaluated in order to determine whether or not the patient's ADHD symptoms are linked to them.

Adults suffering from ADHD are usually treated using the combination of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. It has been proven that the combination of psychotherapy with medication yields better results than either treatment on its own. Future controlled studies will aim to measure and assess improvements in functional performance, for example, improvement in school performance or at work, as well as interpersonal relations.